The FVRCP vaccine is one of two core vaccines for cats. Core vaccines are shots that are strongly recommended for all cats regardless of whether they are indoor or outdoor cats.
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Although you may believe that your indoor cat is immune to the infectious diseases listed below, viruses that cause these serious feline illnesses can survive on surfaces for up to a year. That means that even if your indoor cat sneaks out the door for a few seconds, they could contract the virus and become seriously ill.
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Conditions That The FVRCP Vaccine Protects Against:
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The FVRCP vaccine protects your cat against three highly contagious and potentially fatal feline diseases: Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (the FVR part of the vaccine name), Feline Calicivirus (the C), and Feline Panleukopenia (the P at the end of the vaccine name).
Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FHV-1)
Feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR, feline herpesvirus type 1 or FHV-1) is believed to be the cause of 80-90 percent of all infectious upper respiratory diseases in cats. This disease can harm your cat's nose and windpipe, as well as cause complications during pregnancy. Fever, sneezing, inflamed eyes and nose, and discharge from the nose and eyes are all symptoms of FVR. These symptoms may be mild in healthy adult cats and clear up after 5-10 days, but in more severe cases, FVR symptoms can last for 6 weeks or longer. FHV-1 symptoms may persist and worsen in kittens, senior cats, and immune-compromised cats, resulting in depression, loss of appetite, severe weight loss, and mouth sores. Bacterial infections are common in cats suffering from feline viral rhinotracheitis. Even after the symptoms of FVR have cleared up the virus remains dormant in your cat's body and can flare up repeatedly over your kitty's lifetime.
Feline Calicivirus (FCV)
This virus is a major cause of upper respiratory infections and oral disease in cats. Feline calicivirus (FCV) symptoms include nasal congestion, sneezing, eye inflammation, and clear or yellow discharge from the infected cat's nose or eyes. In some cats, FCV can also cause painful ulcers on the tongue, palate, lips, or nose. Common symptoms of FCV infection include loss of appetite, weight loss, fever, enlarged lymph nodes, squinting, and lethargy. It's important to remember that there are several different strains of FCV, some of which cause fluid buildup in the lungs (pneumonia) and others that cause symptoms like fever, joint pain, and lameness.
Feline Panleukopenia (FPL)
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Feline Panleukopenia (FPL) is a virus that causes damage to your cat's bone marrow, lymph nodes, and intestinal cells. FPL symptoms include depression, loss of appetite, high fever, lethargy, vomiting, severe diarrhea, nasal discharge, and dehydration. Due to the weakened state of their immune systems, cats infected with FPL frequently develop secondary infections. Although this disease can affect cats of any age, kittens are particularly vulnerable. Because there are currently no medications available to kill the virus that causes FPL, cats with feline panleukopenia are treated with intravenous fluid therapy and intensive nursing care to alleviate symptoms such as dehydration and shock.
When Your Cat Should Receive The FVRCP Vaccination
To provide the best possible protection, your cat should receive their first FVRCP vaccination at around 8 weeks old, followed by a booster shot every four weeks until they are around 16-20 weeks old. When your kitten is just over a year old, they will need another booster, and then every three years for the rest of their lives.